Prime numbers are optimistic integers better than 1 that can not be made by multiplying two smaller optimistic integers. As an example, 19 is a main quantity as a result of it may possibly solely be divided evenly by 1 and itself. Figuring out whether or not a quantity is prime has functions in cryptography, pc science, and quantity idea.
Prime numbers have been studied for hundreds of years, with the primary recorded investigations relationship again to historical Greece. One important historic improvement was the proof of the infinitude of prime numbers by Euclid within the third century BC. This proof has profound implications for understanding the distribution and conduct of prime numbers.